Part III Cloze
Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.
What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists. 61 speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of whom try to explain 62 a child picks up a language so easily. The fact that a child picks a language 63 is 64 : At one year old, a child is able to say “bye-bye”; at two, he is able to use fifty; by there he begins to 65 tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky 66 that human being have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the 67 is 68 . Children are not taught language 69 they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists, 70 , hold the view that a child learns 71 of his language from the hints in the environment. 72 , theorists of both schools 73 that there is a biological basis for language use. The 74 is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a field 75 to be explored. Researchers from both schools are busy finding evidence to 76 their own theory, but 77 side is persuading the other.
It seems that in order to 78 why a child learns a language so easily, we have to 79 the joint efforts of both schools. Some linguist, like De Villiers, has recognized the value of cooperation, and 80 linguists of both sides to work together.
61. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Properly D. Roughly
62. A. that B. when C. why D. how
63. A. independently B. naturally C. without help D. with ease
64. A. confusing B. surprising C. questioned D. suspected
65. A. master B. study C. have D. get
66. A. doubts B. believes C. realizes D. criticizes
67. A. help B. teacher C. environment D. hint
68. A. quite essential B. very important C. not necessary D. only secondary
69. A. as B. for C. when D. though
70. A. in particular B. as a result C. however D. therefore
71. A. a little B. some C. nothing D. most
72. A. Before B. From now on C. Just now D. By now
73. A. suspect B. disagree C. agree D. realize
74. A. case B. argument C. problem D. question
75. A. waiting B. planning C. never D. unlikely
76. A. provide B. create C. supply D. support
77. A. not a B. one C. neither D. either
78. A. find out B. rule out C. search for D. look for
79. A. get rid of B. trust in C. rely on D. persist in
80. A. ordered B. criticized C. challenged D. urged
61-65 DCDBA
66-70 BCDAC
71-75 DDCDA
76-80 DCACD
暫無解析
Why are today's older middle-aged and elderly becoming the new winners?
Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify moods and actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness, and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual’s behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine glands and the body’s changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging.
Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormone secretion. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues. Bayliss and starling demonstrated that chemical integration could occur without participation of the nervous system.
The term “hormone” was first used with reference to secretion. Starling derived the term from the Greek hormone, meaning “to excite or set in motion. The term “endocrine” was introduced shortly thereafter “Endocrine” is used to refer to glands that secret products into the bloodstream. The term “endocrine” contrasts with “exocrine”, which is applied to glands that secret their products though ducts to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secrets pancreatic juice through a duct into the intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, while endocrine glands are called ductless.
1.What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?
A.To explain the specific functions of various hormones.
B.To provide general information about hormones.
C.To explain how the term “hormone” evolved.
D.To report on experiments in endocrinology.
2.The passage supports which of the following conclusions?
A.The human body requires large amounts of most hormones.
B.Synthetic hormones can replace a person’s natural supply of hormones if necessary.
C.The quantity of hormones produced and their effects on the body are related to a person’s age.
D.The short child of tall parents very likely had a hormone deficiency early in life.
3.It can be inferred from the passage that before the Bayliss and Starling experiments, most people believed that chemical integration occurred only___.
A.during sleep.
B.in the endocrine glands.
C.under control of the nervous system.
D.during strenuous exercise.
4.The word “liberate” could best be replaced by which of the following?
A.Emancipate B.Discharge C.Surrender D.Save
5.According to the passage another term for exocrine glands is___.
A.duct glands
B.endocrine glands
C.ductless glands
D.intestinal glands.
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
The idea of a special day to honor mothers was first put forward in America in 1907. two years later a woman, Mrs. John Bruce Dodd, in the state of Washington proposed a similar day to honor the head of the family—the father. Her mother died when she was very young, and her father brought her up. She loved her father very much.
In response to Mrs. Dodd’s idea that same year—1909, the state governor of Washington proclaimed (宣布) the third Sunday in June Father’s Day. The idea was officially approved by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. in 1924, President Calvin Coolidge recommended national observance of the occasion “to establish more intimate (親密) relations between fathers and their children, and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations.” The red or white rose is recognized as the official Father’s Day flower.
Father’s Day took longer to establish on a national scale than Mother’s Day, but as the idea grained popularity, tradesmen and manufacturers began to see the commercial possibilities. They encouraged sons and daughters to honor their fathers with small thank-you presents, such as a tie or pair of socks, as well as by sending greeting cards.
During the Second World War, American servicemen stationed in Britain began to request Father’s Day greeting cards to send home. This generated a response with British card publishers. Though at first the British public was slow to accept this rather artificial day, it’s now well celebrated in Britain on the third Sunday in June in much the same way as in America.
Father’s Day seems to be much less important as occasion than the Mother’s Day. Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only.
11. When did Father’s Day officially begin to have national popularity?
A. 1907 B. 1909 C. 1916 D. 1924
12. Who first started the idea of holding the Father’s Day?
A. Mrs. John Bruce Dodd B. Mrs. John Bruce’s Mother
C. The government of Washington. D. Some businessmen.
13. What flower will be popular on Father’s Day?
A. Lily B. Water Lily C. Red rose or white rose D. Sunflower.
14. Which statement is true, a according to this passage?
A. It took even longer for Mother’s Day to gain national popularity.
B. The businessmen helped to make Father’s Day popular.
C. Father’s Day is only celebrated in America.
D. Father’s Day is only a trick of the businessmen to make money.
15. What was the first reaction of the British publishing towards Father’s Day?
A. They thought highly of it and accepted it at once.
B. They just accepted it at once without any hesitation.
C. They just thought it a joke.
D. They thought it was too artificial and took a long time to accept.
Everything____intoconsideration,IproposethatthefirstprizeshouldbegiventoLiuQiang.
PartIVTranslation
Satellitemassagershavethesameglobalcoverageassatellitetelephones,butcarrytextalone,whichcouldbeusefulforthosewithlaptopcomputers.(PassageFour)
