In the past, operations were difficult. Until the middle of the eighteen fifties, surgery was very dangerous. Many patients died after even the smallest operations. This was because bacteria entered the cuts in the patients bodied’and started infection. In some countries, up to 90 percent of patients died from inf ection after operations. In 1865, however, Joseph Lister, a British surgeon, found an answer to the problem. He used an “antiseptic during” and after operations. This killed the dangerous bacteria and most of his patients lived. Since then, surgeons have used antiseptics in all operations.Surgery has developed in many important ways since the day of Joseph Lister. Today, when patients go to hospital for an operation, they can expect thebest treatment, in clean and hygienic conditions.
33. Operations were difficult and dangerous until_______.
A.1850
B. the middle of 1850
C. the middle of the fifties of the eighteenth century
D. the middle of the fifties of the nineteenth century
34. In the passage, surgery means__________.
A. The performing of an operation
B. cure
C. treatment
D. medicine
35. In the past, up to 90 percent of patients died after operations mainly b
ecause__________.
A. bacteria entered the cuts in the patients bodies’and infection took place
B. the conditions in hospitals were bad
C. the skill of surgeons was not so good
D. there were no good medicine at that time
36. Which topic of the following best suits the passage?
A. Operations were difficult in the past
B. The devotion of Joseph Lister to medical science
C. Surgery has become safer
D. Developments in surgery
37. Joseph Lister was________.
A. a Frenchman
B. a German
C. an Englishman
D. an Americ
33. B 34. A 35. A 36.D 37. C
暫無解析
Withtherapiddevelopmentofpetroleumindustry,moreandmoreoilproductsofhighqualityarebeingturnedout.
Directions:
This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions.Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given in your test paper.Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
6、 A. The goods are out of stock.
B.She is moving to anothercity.
C.The salesseason is coming soon.
D.She is afraidthe pricewillgo down.
7、 A. By train. B. By air. C. By ship. D. By truck.
8、 A. In three weeks. B.In two weeks. C.Next week. D.Next month.
9、 A. HR manager assistant.
B. Sales manager.
C. Office secretary.
D. Software engineer.
10、 A. 3 weeks. B. 6 weeks. C. 3 months. D. 6 months.
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has , atthe same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer the colon . Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food related to llness is not a new discovery. In 1945 , government researchers realized that itrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food dditives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, nd it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the pack ging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to controlthese procedures, the practices continue.
48. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Food and our health
B Food and additives
C. Food and cancer
D Food and culture
49 All of the following statements are true EXCEPT_______.
A Forty percent of cancer is caused by problems related to food.
B Researchers have known about the potential danger of food additivesfor many years
C. We eat some of the food additives directly and some indirectly
D Drugs are always given to animals for medicinal purposes
50. Why do farmers give drugs to their animals?
A. to speed up the growth of animals
B To make theanimals fatter
C to make the animals ’ meat fit to eat
D To make the animals’ meat rich in nutrients
51. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
A scientist have made all the food fit to eat
B only in recent years have people found that the food is related to one’s illness
C all kinds of cancer are related to the diet
D some additives are harmful to our health
52. The word “ this ”in the second sentence of paragraph 2 most probablyrefers to __________.
A farmer
B penicillin
C beef and poultry
D the fact that farmers often give penicillin to a beef
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am pleased to write a letter of recommendation on behalf of Sand River and its CEO, Mrs. Jane King. I am very familiar with the company. My next book deals with it in detail, which is to be published in autumn of 2018. I am also familiar with European consumer. As a Dutch citizen, I have lived in Europe for 46 years and studied European consumer behavior for decades.I believe that Sand River offers something unique to the European market. It has established long-term supply relations with herdsman ( 牧民) families and owns advanced German machinery. Thus it combines natural resources with modern manufacturing techniques. But equally important, Sand River works with modern fashion designers to create truly contemporary and appealing designs. The result is a newly-established cashmere ( 羊絨) brand that appeals to a target group of high-income women. I met Mrs. King the first time in 2013. Since then, we have met several times and talked about Sand River's philosophy, strategy, and appeal to both Chinese and international consumers. I was struck by her deep knowledge about knitting (針織) technology, her enthusiasm for the brand, and her deep understanding of the cashmere shopper. I regard her as a "woman of her word." To summarize, I believe Sand River products deserve a place in luxurious European department stores and Mrs. King is a reliable partner. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. Sincerely, Joan Smith
36、 Joan Smith wrote the recommendation letter on behalf of ______.
A. a Dutch citizen
B. herdsman families
C. the European consumer
D. Sand River and its CEO
37、 From the letter we can learn that Sand River ______.
A. has long-term links with herdsmen
B. employs many herdsman workers
C. manufactures advanced machines
D. sells hand-made products
38、 The target consumers of the newly-established cashmere brand are ______.
A. college students
B. blue-color workers
C. high-income women
D. average herdsman families
39、 By saying "a woman of her word" (Para. 3), the writer means that Mrs.King ______.
A. always keeps her promise
B. is a good public speaker
C. knows customers well
D. is well educated
40、 As far as the European market is concerned,the writer thinks that Sand River products ______.
A. are fit for supermarkets in big cities
B. are likely to enjoy a big market share
C. will appeal to different kinds of customers
D. deserve a place in luxurious department stores
Directions:
In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
21、 62% of the people surveyed said they always avoided ______ theirsmartphones during meals.
A. use B. using C. to use D. used
22、 The HR department is a critical part of employee well-being in any business, no matter ______ small it is.
A. how B. what C. where D. which
23、 According to the regulation, inspections______ to ensure that the systems are in good condition.
A. demanded B. have demanded C. be demanded D. are demanded
24、 Before you think about asking for a promotion, make sure that either a position opening exists ______ a new position is needed to be created.
A. and B. nor C. or D. but
25、 The traffic was making so much noise that I couldn't hear what he ______.
A. is saying B. was saying C. has said D. will say
26、 Our company culture is ______ makes us successful in creating a friendly and exciting environment.
A. where B. how C. what D. why
27、 Most people were greatly shocked by the news ______ the IT company had gone bankrupt.
A. what B. how C. why D. that
28、 I would probably try to find a better job if I ______ in your position.
A. am B. were C. have been D. be
29、 If you are ______ busy to attend the meeting, you can send your assistant to take your place.
A. very B. so C. too D. more
30、 I had to wait for another two months to be able to have the car ______.
A. fixing B. fix C. to fix D. fixed
