新的國民經濟核算國際標準將研究開發成果、計算機軟件、娛樂、文學或藝術品原件等知識產權納入GDP核算范圍。試分析若采用新標準,可能對經濟社會發展產生的影響。
將技術、知識、智慧、創新能力等無形生產資產資本化,無疑是采用新標準的最大特色。無形生產資產資本化,是本次調整中最重要的統計概念變動。本次修訂之后,固定資產投資分類的最大變化,就是在原有的3大類別(住宅投資、建筑投資、設備與軟件投資)基礎上,新增加知識產權投資大類,其下包括軟件、研發投資、娛樂與文藝創作3個子類。這有助于改善GDP及相關測度的精度,開發測度創新的數量指標,識別經濟增長源泉。按修訂后的口徑,20世紀60年代以來,知識產權產品投資的比重從9.6%上升到了 22.9%,其中軟件和研發投資的比重上升較快,分別占固定資產投資的10.4%和9.5%,娛樂與文藝創作的比重較小且相對穩定。知識投入要素對于現代經濟增長越來越重要,近 20 年來, 知識產權產品在西方國家生產經營和生產率改善中的作用日漸重要,推動經濟學工作者將研究開發視為創新、增長和經濟福利的主要源泉,研發驅動的經濟由此被稱為技術驅動型經濟或“知識經濟” 。
暫無解析
Itisnotuncommonforthere_____problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.
翻譯訓練:
要了解中國文化,就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解。中國地方戲種類很多,其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種。作為一個獨立的劇種,京劇的誕生大約是在1840年至I860年。京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養的基礎上形成的。京劇有明確的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音樂上以胡琴為主要伴奏樂器。由于京劇是在融合各種地方戲之精華的基礎上形成的,所以它不僅為北京的觀眾所鐘愛,也受到全國人民的喜愛。
Passage4
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Thenewglobalsatellitecommunicationssystemswillofferthreekindsservice,whichmayoverlapinmanydifferentkindsofreceivers.
VOICE.SatellitetelephoneswillbeabletomakecallsfromanywhereontheEarthtoanywhereelse.Thatcouldmakethemespeciallyusefultoremote,thirdworldvillages(someofwhichalreadyusestationarysatellitetelephones),explorersanddisaster-reliefteams.Today’smobiletelephonesdependonearth-boundtransmitters,wheretechnicalstandardsvaryfromcountrytocountry.Sobusinesstravelerscannotusetheirmobilephonesoninternationaltrips.Satellitetelephoneswouldmakethatpossible.
MESSAGING.Satellitemassagershavethesameglobalcoverageassatellitetelephones,butcarrytextalone,whichcouldbeusefulforthosewithlaptopcomputers.Equippedwithasmallscreenliketoday’spapers,satellitemassagerswillalsoreceiveshortmessages.
TRACKING.Voiceandmessagingsystemswillalsotelltheiruserswheretheyaretowithinafewhundredmeters.Combinedwiththemessagingservice,thelocationservicecouldhelprescueteamstofindstrandedadventurers,thepolicetofindstolencars,exporterstofollowtheprogressofcargoes,andhaulagecompaniestocheckthatdriversarenotdetouringthepub.America’smilitaryGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)satellitewillprovidebetterpositioninginformationtoanyonewhohasareceiverfortheirsignals,butGPSdoesnotcarrymessages,sosuchareceivercannotbeusedonitsownfortrackingorrescue.Bythemid-1990s,GPSreceiverswillbeabletotellpeoplewheretheyaretowithin70metersanywhereintheworld,andtowithinameterorsoinareaswheretheserviceissupplementedbyground-basedtransmitter.
16.Globalsatellitecommunicationssystemswillbeusefulto.
A.laptopcomputerusers
B.remotevillages
C.disaster-reliefteams
D.allabove
17.Satellitetelephonewillmake.
A.businesstravelersusemobilephonesoninternationaltrips
B.possiblecallsfromanywhereonearthtoanywhereelse
C.explorershappy
D.allabove
18.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.ThepositioningprecisionofthevoicesystemisbetterthanthatofGPS.
B.ThepositioningprecisionofGPSisBetterthanthatofthevoicesystem.
C.ThepositioningprecisionofthemessagingsystemisbetterthanofGPS.
D.Thepositioningprecisionofvoicesystemisbetterthanthatofthemessagingsystem.
19.Whatcanwesayaboutthenewglobalsatellitecommunicationssystems?
A.Theyarewidelyused.
B.Theyareveryhelpful.
C.Theyarecostly.
D.BothAandB.
20.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.GlobalSatelliteCommunications
B.NewVoiceandMessagingSystem
C.NewGenerationSatellite
D.AlwaysinTouch
Ineverregretted_____hisoffer,foritwasnotwheremyinterestlay.
_____nocauseforalarm,theoldmanwentbacktohisroom.