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名詞解釋?zhuān)盒睦戆l(fā)展的年齡特征

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正確答案:

心理發(fā)展的年齡特征是在一定年齡階段中個(gè)體心理發(fā)展的一般的典型的特征。

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Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: I recently wrote an autobiography in which I recalled many old memories. One of them was from my school days, when our ninth grade teacher, Miss Raber, would pick out words from the Reader’s Digest to test our vocabulary. Today, more than 45 years later, I always check out “It pays to Enrich Your Word Power” first when the Digest comes each month. I am impressed with that idea, word power. Reader’s Digest knows the power that words have to move people—to entertain, inform, and inspire. The Digest editors know that the big word isn’t always the best word. Take just one example, a Quotable Quote form the February 1985 issue: ”Time is a playful thing. It slips quickly and drinks the day like a bowl of milk.” Nineteen words, only two of them more than one syllable, yet how much they convey! That’s usually how it is with Reader’s Digest. Small and simple can be profound. As chairman of a foundation to restore the Statue of Liberty, I’ve been making a lot of speeches lately. I try to keep them fairly short. I use small but vivid words: words like “hope”, “guts”, “faith”, “dreams”. Those are words that move people and say so much about the spirit of America. Don’t get me wrong. I’m not against using big words, when it is right to do so, but I have also learned that a small word can work a small miracle—if it’s right word, in the right place, at the right time. It’s a “secret” that I hope never forget. 16. The passage is mainly about . A. one of the many old memories B. using simple words to express profound ideas C. Reader’s Digest and school speeches D. how to make effective speeches 17. It seems that Reader’s Digest is a magazine popular with . A. people of all ages B. teenagers C. school teachers D. elderly readers 18. The example the author gives in the second paragraph might mean . A. one spends his day playing and drinking B. don’t waste your time as one does C. time slips easily if you don’t make good use of it D. time is just like drinking milk from a bowl 19. The author’s “secret” is . A. to avoid using big words at any time B. to use words that have the power to move people C. to work a miracle by using a small word D. to use small and simple words where possible 20. Accoeding to the author, well-chosen words can give people . A. hope, courage and ideas B. confidence, determination and strength C. pleasure, knowledge and encourage D. entertainment, information and power Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
試題分類(lèi): 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)
練習(xí)次數(shù):0次
Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify moods and actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness, and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual’s behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine glands and the body’s changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging. Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormone secretion. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues. Bayliss and starling demonstrated that chemical integration could occur without participation of the nervous system. The term “hormone” was first used with reference to secretion. Starling derived the term from the Greek hormone, meaning “to excite or set in motion. The term “endocrine” was introduced shortly thereafter “Endocrine” is used to refer to glands that secret products into the bloodstream. The term “endocrine” contrasts with “exocrine”, which is applied to glands that secret their products though ducts to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secrets pancreatic juice through a duct into the intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, while endocrine glands are called ductless. 1.What is the author’s main purpose in the passage? A.To explain the specific functions of various hormones. B.To provide general information about hormones. C.To explain how the term “hormone” evolved. D.To report on experiments in endocrinology. 2.The passage supports which of the following conclusions? A.The human body requires large amounts of most hormones. B.Synthetic hormones can replace a person’s natural supply of hormones if necessary. C.The quantity of hormones produced and their effects on the body are related to a person’s age. D.The short child of tall parents very likely had a hormone deficiency early in life. 3.It can be inferred from the passage that before the Bayliss and Starling experiments, most people believed that chemical integration occurred only___. A.during sleep. B.in the endocrine glands. C.under control of the nervous system. D.during strenuous exercise. 4.The word “l(fā)iberate” could best be replaced by which of the following? A.Emancipate B.Discharge C.Surrender D.Save 5.According to the passage another term for exocrine glands is___. A.duct glands B.endocrine glands C.ductless glands D.intestinal glands.
試題分類(lèi): 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)
練習(xí)次數(shù):1次
試題分類(lèi): 安全員
練習(xí)次數(shù):0次
Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: Do you want to say what you think in a letter to the President of the United States? You’ll get a reply from him—written in ink, not typed—after only a few days. The President gets about 4,000 letters every week. He answers everyone who writes to him on special Whites House paper. But he doesn’t need a lot of time for it. In fact, he only gives 20 minutes a week to look at his personal correspondence. He has the most modern secretary in the world to help him. It’s computer, worth £ 800,000,which has its own rooms on the first floor of the White House. It has a bank of electronic pens which write like the President writes, in his favorite light blue ink. Each letter the President receives gets a number, according to the type of answer it needs. The pens then write the correct reply for it, according to the number. Each letter takes less than a second to write. A White House official said, “It’s not important that letters come from a computer. Each letter says what the President wants to say.” 1. for a reply from the President. A. You have to wait a long time B. You only have to wait several days C. You have to wait at least one month D. You only have to wait a few weeks 2. The reply from the President . A. is always printed B. is always typed C. is always written in ink D. is always written by himself 3. It takes the computer to write ten letters. A. no more than ten seconds B. a little more than ten seconds C. less than ten seconds D. at least one second 4. The computer can be described as . A. expensive but efficient B. possessing a beautiful handwriting C. heavy and inefficient D. the President’s most reliable secretary 5. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. the President never reads any letters written to him by ordinary people B. the President hires a very efficient secretary to deal with his correspondence C. the President does not really care about the letters he receives every week D. the President is assured that the computer express his views in the letters
試題分類(lèi): 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)
練習(xí)次數(shù):15次
We can begin our discussion of “population as global issue” with what most persons mean when they discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.” To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race. This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality. Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually. 1.Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuse analogy? A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population. B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase. C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year. D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lower mortality. 2.During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because___. A.only one in ten persons could live past 40. B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places. C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions. D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children. 3.Which statement is true about population increase? A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000. B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present. C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year. D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present. 4.The author of the passage intends to___. A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future. B.compare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650. C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years. D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth. 5.The word “demographic” in the first paragraph means___. A.statistics of human. B.surroundings study. C.accumulation of human. D.development of human.
試題分類(lèi): 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)
練習(xí)次數(shù):3次
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